Abstract
Adult education, now commonly referred to as Adult Learning and Education (ALE) by UNESCO and other international development partners, was initially perceived in a limited scope without a well-defined structure. For instance, at its inception, UNESCO did not give specific attention to Adult Education. Instead, it was seen as a means to address social and political gaps, focusing on literacy and basic education, especially in response to crises in developing countries. In the 1980s, adult education was almost exclusively associated with literacy DOI: https://doie.org/10.50390/NCAEJ.2026941508